Major Global Environmental Instruments

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Secretariats: Global Environmental Agreements
• 1946 Whaling Convention - International Whaling Commission
• 1971 Ramsar Convention on Wetlands - IUCN
• 1972 World Heritage Convention - UNESCO
• 1973 CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) - UNEP
• 1979 Convention on Migratory Species - UNEP
• 1985 Vienna Convention on Ozone Layer & 1987 Montreal Protocol - UNEP
• 1989 Basel Convention on Hazardous Wastes - UNEP
• 1992 Biodiversity Convention - UNEP
• 1992 Climate Change Convention (UNFCCC)
• 1994 Desertification Convention
• Joint Website of the five Biodiversity-Related Conventions

Texts of Global Environmental Instruments
• 1946 International Convention for the Regulaton of Whaling
• 1969 Civil Liability Convention, including 1976 Protocol  |  1992 Protocol
• 1971 Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
• 1971 Fund Convention on Oil Pollution Damage Compensation  |  1992 Protocol
• 1972 London Convention on Ocean Dumping  |  1996 Protocol
• 1972 World Heritage Convention
• 1973 CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species)
• 1973/78 MARPOL Convention on Prevention of Pollution from Ships
• 1979 Migratory Species Convention
• 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea
• 1982 World Charter for Nature
• 1985 Vienna Convention on Ozone Layer  | 1987 Montreal Protocol on Depleting Substances
• 1989 Basel Convention on Hazardous Wastes
• 1990 Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response & Cooperation Convention
• 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development
• 1992 UNCED Agenda 21
• 1992 UNCED Forest Principles
• 1992 Biodiversity Convention
• 1992 Climate Change Convention | Kyoto Protocol
• 1994 Desertification Convention
• 1995 Implementation Agreeement on Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks
• 1995 FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and Compliance Agreement
• 1995 Washington Declaration on Land-Based Marine Pollution
• 1995 GPA on Land-Based Marine Pollution
• 1996 HNS Convention (Carriage of Hazardous & Noxious Substances by Sea)
• 1997 Programme for Further Implementation of Agenda 21
• 1997 UN Convention on Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses

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last updated 14th September 1999
Asia-Pacific Centre for Environmental Law
Faculty of Law
National University of Singapore
© 1999